都德中英文简介

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热心网友 时间：2022-06-21 06:38

阿尔封斯·都德（Alphonse Daudet）（1840年5月13日－1897年12月17日），法国写实派小说家，有自己独特的风格。特别是他的短篇小说，《最后一课》、《柏林之围》等作品都已成为世界文学的珍品。

生平
都德生于法国南部普罗旺斯地区的尼姆，是家中第六个孩子。都德父亲是一个丝绸制造商，惨淡的生意和沉重的生活压力迫使他在1849年全家移居里昂，希冀大都市能使自己时来运转。1856年都德结束了在里昂学习，前往塞文山脉一家寄宿学校担任教师谋生。对于年仅16岁的都德，这一位置是非常不合适的。学生不听他的管教，校方也不支持他。1857年11月，都德*辞职，辞职几个月间都德仍然心有余悸，觉得出于不受管教的学生中。1858年他为了谋生开始文学创作。最先尝试写诗歌，后来写过剧本，但并不成功。

都德的《磨坊书简》描绘的风力磨坊

1868年都德出版长篇小说《小东西》，这是一部半自传体的小说，其中再现了他童年和少年谋生的经历，表现了一个涉世未深青年面对社会的孤独感，对雅克哥哥，邦邦等人物描写极为鲜明。但或许是因为过于忧伤的笔调，使得这部作品在当时不是很受欢迎。1869年都德出版短篇故事集《磨坊书简》，他用朴实而略带伤感的笔调将家乡普罗旺斯的日常生活，风土人情融入其中，受到很多读者欢迎。其中的《此房出售》一篇颇为感人。他还是1904年诺贝尔文学奖获得者弗雷德里克·米斯特拉尔的好友，曾为他写过一篇名叫《诗人米斯特拉尔》的散文，收在《磨坊书简》之中。
1870年普法战争爆发，都德入伍。1873年他发表了《月曜故事集》其中的《柏林之围》通过巴黎被普军攻陷和病人想象的攻占柏林的强烈对比，突出主人公的爱国精神。《最后一课》选取了法国把阿尔萨斯和洛林割让给德国历史背景下的最后一堂法语课，描写的令人感动，虽然与历史事实不符，因阿尔萨斯和洛林地区一向习惯用德语。除此之外都德还创作了大量长篇小说，其中《达拉斯贡的戴达伦》讽刺了一个自以为英雄盖世的人物，1874年的《小弗洛蒙特和大黎斯雷》让他成为当时最伟大的小说家之一，《不朽者》则讽刺了官方的最高学术机构-法兰西学士院。1897年都德去世，葬入拉雪兹公墓。

著作列表
《小东西》 (1868)
《磨坊书简》 (1869)
《达拉斯贡的戴达伦》 (1872)
《月曜故事集》 (1873)
《艺术家的妻子》 (1874)
《Robert Helmont》 (1874; English: Robert Helmont: the Diary of a Recluse (1896))
《小弗洛蒙特和大黎斯雷》 (1874)
《努马·胡梅斯当》 (1880)
《萨福》 (1884)
《阿尔卑斯山上的戴达伦》 (1885)
《不朽者》 (1888)

Alphonse Daudet (French: [dodɛ]; 13 May 1840 – 16 December 1897) was a French novelist. He was the father of writers Léon Daudet and Lucien Daudet.

Early life
Daudet was born in Nîmes, France His family, on both sides, belonged to the bourgeoisie. The father, Vincent Daudet, was a silk manufacturer — a man dogged through life by misfortune and failure. Alphonse, amid much truancy, had a depressing boyhood. In 1856 he left Lyon, where his schooldays had been mainly spent, and began his career as a schoolteacher at Alès, Gard, in the south of France. The position proved to be intolerable and Daudet said later that for months after leaving Alès he would wake with horror, thinking he was still among his unruly pupils.
On 1 November 1857, he abandoned teaching and took refuge with his brother Ernest Daudet, only some three years his senior, who was trying, "and thereto soberly," to make a living as a journalist in Paris. Alphonse took to writing, and his poems were collected into a small volume, Les Amoureuses (1858), which met with a fair reception. He obtained employment on Le Figaro, then under Cartier de Villemessant's energetic editorship, wrote two or three plays, and began to be recognized in literary communities as possessing distinction and promise. Morny, Napoleon III's all-powerful minister, appointed him to be one of his secretaries — a post which he held till Morny's death in 1865.

Literary career
In 1866, Daudet's Lettres de mon moulin (Letters from My Windmill), written in Clamart, near Paris, and alluding to a windmill in Fontvieille, Provence, won the attention of many readers. The first of his longer books, Le petit chose (1868), did not, however, proce popular sensation. It is, in the main, the story of his own earlier years told with much grace and pathos. The year 1872 brought the famous Aventures prodigieuses de Tartarin de Tarascon, and the three-act play L'Arlésienne. But Fromont jeune et Risler aîné (1874) at once took the world by storm. It struck a note, not new certainly in English literature, but comparatively new in French. His creativeness resulted in characters that were real and also typical.
Jack, a novel about an illegitimate child, a martyr to his mother's selfishness, which followed in 1876, served only to deepen the same impression. Henceforward his career was that of a successful man of letters, mainly spent writing novels: Le Nabab (1877), Les Rois en exil (1879), Numa Roumestan (1881), Sapho (1884), L'Immortel (1888), and writing for the stage: reminiscing in Trente ans de Paris (1887) and Souvenirs d'un homme de lettres (1888). These, with the three Tartarins - Tartarin de Tarascon, Tartarin sur les Alpes, Port-Tarascon - and the short stories, written for the most part before he had acquired fame and fortune, constitute his life work.
L'Immortel is a bitter attack on the Académie française, to which august body Daudet never belonged. Daudet also wrote for children, including La Belle Nivernaise, the story of an old boat and her crew. In 1867 Daudet married Julia Allard, author of Impressions de nature et d'art (1879), L'Enfance d'une Parisienne (1883), and some literary studies written under the pseudonym "Karl Steen".
Daudet was far from faithful, and was one of a generation of French literary syphilitics. Having lost his virginity at the age of twelve, he then slept with his friends' mistresses throughout his marriage. Daudet would undergo several painful treatments and operations for his subsequently paralyzing disease. His journal entries relating to the pain he experienced from tabes dorsalis are collected in the volume In the Land of Pain, translated by Julian Barnes. Daudet died in Paris on 16 December 1897, and was interred at that city's Père Lachaise Cemetery.

Political and social views, controversy and legacy
Daudet was a monarchist and a fervent opponent of the French Republic. Daudet was also anti-Jewish, though less famously so than his son Léon. The main character of Le Nabab was inspired by a Jewish politician who was elected as a deputy for Nîmes. Daudet campaigned against him and lost. Daudet counted many literary figures amongst his friends, including Edouard Drumont, who founded the Antisemitic League of France and founded and edited the anti-Semitic newspaper La Libre Parole. Daudet also exchanged anti-Semitic correspondence with Richard Wagner.
t has been argued that Daudet deliberately exaggerated his links to Provence to further his literary career and social success (following Frederic Mistral's success), including lying to his future wife about his "Provençal" roots.
Numerous colleges and schools in contemporary France bear his name and his books are still widely read and several are still in print.

Works
Major works, and works in English translation (date given of first translation). For a complete bibliography see Alphonse Daudet Bibliography

Les Amoureuses (1858; poems, first published work).
Le Petit Chose (1868; English: Little Good-For-Nothing, 1885; or Little What's-His-Name, 1898).
Lettres de Mon Moulin (1869; English: Letters from my Mill, 1880, short stories).
Tartarin de Tarascon (1872; English: Tartarin of Tarascon, 1896).
L'Arlésienne (1872; novella originally part of Lettres de Mon Moulin made into a play)
Contes Lundi (1873; English: The Monday Tales, 1900; short stories).
Les Femmes d'Artistes (1874; English: Artists' Wives, 1896).
Robert Helmont (1874; English: Robert Helmont: the Diary of a Recluse, 1896).
Fromont jeune et Risler aîné (1874; English: Fromont Junior and Risler Senior, 1894).
Jack (1876; English: Jack, 1897).
Le Nabab (1877; English: The Nabob, 1878).
Les Rois en Exil (1879; English: Kings in Exile, 1896).
Numa Roumestan (1880; English: Numa Roumestan: or, Joy Abroad and Grief at Home, 1884).
L'Evangéliste (1883; English: The Evangelist, 1883).
Sapho (1884; English: Sappho, 1886).
Tartarin sur les Alpes (1885; English: Tartarin on the Alps, 1891).
La Belle Nivernaise (1886; English: La Belle Nivernaise, 1892, juvenile).
L'Immortel (1888; English: One of the Forty, 1888).
Port-Tarascon (1890; English: Port Tarascon, 1890).
Rose and Ninette (1892; English: Rose and Ninette, 1892).
La Doulou (1930; English: In The Land of Pain, 2003; translator: Julian Barnes).

【注：资料均来自维基百科，中英文非对应版本，请慎用，如果帮上忙的话请采纳哦~】

热心网友 时间：2022-06-21 06:38

阿尔封斯·都德（Alphonse Daudet）（1840年5月13日—1897年12月17日），法国小说家，他有着自己独特的风格。特别是他的短篇小说，《最后一课》《柏林之围》等作品都已成为世界文学的珍品。

都德生于法国普罗旺斯地区的尼姆，父亲是一个丝绸制造商，后来经营失败，这给都德带来了一个压抑的童年。1856年都德结束了在里昂的学习，前往法国南部担任教师谋生。对于年仅16岁的都德，这一位置是非常不合适的。学生不听他的管教，校方也不支持他。1857年11月，都德*辞职，辞职几个月间都德仍然心有余悸，觉得出于不受管教的学生中。1858年他为了谋生开始文学创作。

1866年都德出版短篇故事集《磨坊书简》，他用朴实而略带伤感的笔调将家乡普罗旺斯的风土人情融入其中，受到很多读者欢迎。其中的《此房出售》一篇颇为感人。1868年都德出版长篇小说《小东西》，再现了他童年和少年谋生的经历，其中对雅克哥哥，邦邦等人物的描写极为鲜明。但或许是因为过于忧伤的笔调，使得这部作品在当时不是很受欢迎。

有人说，都德爱“小”。《小东西》，小弗朗士……“小”里体现大主题。

Alphonse Daudet (13 May 1840 – 16 December 1897) was a French novelist. He was the father of Léon Daudet and Lucien Daudet.
Contents [hide]
1 Early life
2 Literary career
3 Works
4 References
5 External links
[edit]Early life

Alphonse Daudet was born in Nîmes, France. His family, on both sides, belonged to the bourgeoisie. The father, Vincent Daudet, was a silk manufacturer — a man dogged through life by misfortune and failure. Alphonse, amid much truancy, had a depressing boyhood. In 1856 he left Lyon, where his schooldays had been mainly spent, and began life as a schoolteacher at Alès, Gard, in the south of France. The position proved to be intolerable. As Dickens declared that all through his prosperous career he was haunted in dreams by the miseries of his apprenticeship to the blacking business, so Daudet says that for months after leaving Alès he would wake with horror, thinking he was still among his unruly pupils.
On 1 November 1857, he abandoned teaching and took refuge with his brother Ernest Daudet, only some three years his senior, who was trying, "and thereto soberly," to make a living as a journalist in Paris. Alphonse took to writing, and his poems were collected into a small volume, Les Amoureuses (1858), which met with a fair reception. He obtained employment on Le Figaro, then under Cartier de Villemessant's energetic editorship, wrote two or three plays, and began to be recognized, among those interested in literature, as possessing indiviality and promise. Morny, Napoleon III's all-powerful minister, appointed him to be one of his secretaries — a post which he held till Morny's death in 1865 — and showed Daudet no small kindness. Daudet had put his foot on the road to fortune.
[edit]Literary career

Daudet's Mill
In 1866, Daudet's Lettres de mon moulin, written in Clamart, near Paris, and alluding to a windmill in Fontvieille, Provence, won the attention of many readers. The first of his longer books, Le petit chose (1868), did not, however, proce popular sensation. It is, in the main, the story of his own earlier years told with much grace and pathos. The year 1872 brought the famous Aventures prodigieuses de Tartarin de Tarascon, and the three-act play L'Arlésienne. But Fromont jeune et Risler aîné (1874) at once took the world by storm. It struck a note, not new certainly in English literature, but comparatively new in French. His creativeness resulted in characters that were real and also typical.
Jack, a novel about an illegitimate child, a martyr to his mother's selfishness, which followed in 1876, served only to deepen the same impression. Henceforward his career was that of a very successful man of letters, publishing novel on novel, Le Nabab (1877), Les Rois en exil (1879), Numa Roumestan (1881), Sapho (1884), L'Immortel (1888), and writing for the stage at frequent intervals, giving the world his reminiscences in Trente ans de Paris (1887) and Souvenirs d'un homme de lettres (1888). These, with the three Tartarins, Tartarin de Tarascon, Tartarin sur les Alpes, Port-Tarascon, and the admirable short stories, written for the most part before he had acquired fame and fortune, constitute his life work.
Though Daudet defended himself from the charge of imitating Dickens, it is difficult altogether to believe that so many similarities of spirit and manner were quite unsought. What, however, was purely his own was his style. It is a style that may rightly be called "impressionist," full of light and colour, not descriptive after the old fashion, but flashing its intended effect by a masterly juxtaposition of words that are like pigments. Nor does it convey, like the style of the Goncourts, for example, a constant feeling of effort. It is full of felicity and charm, "un charmeur," Zola called him. An intimate friend of Edmond de Goncourt (who died in his house), of Flaubert, of Zola, Daudet belonged essentially to naturalism. His own experiences, his surroundings, the men with whom he had been brought into contact, various persons who had played a part, more or less public, in Paris life, all passed into his art. But he vivified the material supplied by his memory. His world has the great gift of life. L'Immortel is a bitter attack on the Académie française, to which august body Daudet never belonged.
Daudet wrote some charming stories for children, including "La Belle Nivernaise," the story of an old boat and her crew.
In 1867 Daudet married Julia Allard, who is known for her Impressions de nature et d'art (1879), L'Enfance d'une Parisienne (1883), and some literary studies written under the pseudonym "Karl Steen."
Daudet was far from faithful, and was among the literary syphilitics. Having lost his virginity at age twelve, and then having slept with his friend's mistresses throughout his marriage, Daudet would undergo several painful treatments and operations for his subsequently paralyzing disease.
Daudet died in Paris on 16 December 1897, and was interred at that city's Père Lachaise Cemetery.
[edit]Works

Major works, and works in English translation (date given of first translation). For a complete bibliography see Alphonse Daudet Bibliography
Les Amoureuses (1858; poems, first published work)
Le Petit Chose (1868; English: Little Good-For-Nothing (1885) or Little What's-His-Name (1898))
Lettres de Mon Moulin (1869; English: Letters from my Mill (1880), short stories)
Tartarin de Tarascon (1872; English: Tartarin of Tarascon (1896))
L'Arlésienne (1872; novella originally part of Lettres de Mon Moulin made into a play)
Contes Lundi (1873; English: The Monday Tales (1900); short stories)
Les Femmes de Artistes (1874; English: Artists' Wives (1896))
Robert Helmont (1874; English: Robert Helmont: the Diary of a Recluse (1896))
Fromont jeune et Risler aîné (1874; English: Fromont Junior and Risler Senior (1894))
Jack (1876; English: Jack (1897))
Le Nabab (1877; English: The Nabob (1878))
Les Rois en Exil (1879; English: Kings in Exile (1896))
Numa Roumestan (1880; English: Numa Roumestan: or, Joy Abroad and Grief at Home (1884))
L'Evangéliste (1883; English: The Evangelist (1883))
Sapho (1884; English: Sappho (1886))
Tartarin sur les Alpes (1885; English: Tartarin on the Alps (1896))
Le Belle Nivernaise (1886; English: Le Belle Nivernaise (1892); juvenile)
L'Immortel (1888; English: One of the Forty (1888))
Port-Tarascon (1890; English: Port Tarascon (1890))
Rose and Ninette (1892; English: Rose and Ninette (1892))

热心网友 时间：2022-06-21 06:39

　　中文：阿尔封斯·都德（1840～1897）,19世纪法国著名现实主义作家,小说家,龚（gōng）古尔学院院士.他出生于法国南方尼姆城一个破落的丝绸商人家庭,迫于穷困,十五岁起在小学里担任监学(类似自修课辅导员),独自谋生.

　　英文：Ahl seals Si · the Germany (1840~1897),the 19th century France renowned realism writer,writer of fiction,Gong (gōng) academician Gull institute.He is born the silk merchant family which neame city declines south France,under destitute,15 years old hold the post in the elementary school supervise study (study independently class instructor similarly),alone makes a living.

热心网友 时间：2022-06-21 06:39

莎士比亚的行不？
这是就对配套的

William Shakespeare (1564-1616) is the United Kingdom and the European Renaissance of the most important writers.
April 26, 1564 he was born, and unknown. April 26, 1616 he passed away, the world-famous. In the full 52-year career, he left for the people of the world 37 scripts, a roll of 14 poems and two line narrative poem. His scripts are still performed around the world. In his birthday that day every year in many countries staged his plays in his memory. Marx said he was "the greatest genius of the theater."
He is Britain's most outstanding Renaissance masters - Shakespeare.

中文的意思是
威廉·莎士比亚（1564—1616）是文艺复兴时期英国以及欧洲最重要的作家。
1564年4月26日他出生了，默默无闻。1616年4月26日他去世了，举世闻名。在整整52年的生涯中，他为世人留下了37个剧本，一卷14行诗和两部叙事长诗。他的剧本至今还在世界各地演出。在他生日的那天，每年都有许多国家在上演他的剧本纪念他。马克思称他是“最伟大的戏剧天才”。
他就是英国文艺复兴时期最杰出的艺术大师——莎士比亚。