求有关昆虫的英文文献
发布网友
发布时间:2022-05-05 03:15
我来回答
共4个回答
热心网友
时间:2022-06-28 20:56
catchinginsects(现在进行时)
catchinsects(一般形态)
热心网友
时间:2022-06-28 20:57
那么多昆虫,你要哪个?找英文的,你去google啊。
热心网友
时间:2022-06-28 20:57
呵呵。这个提问太哪个了。不好回答。
热心网友
时间:2022-06-28 20:58
研究昆虫控制的文章
Athenix and Monsanto Announce Collaboration on Research for Insect Control
RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, N.C. and ST. LOUIS, June 20 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- Athenix Corp. and Monsanto Company today announced they have entered into a three-year research collaboration for insect control on a key class of insects that affects a number of Monsanto's major crops of interest. Financial terms of the agreement were not disclosed.
"We are pleased to work with the market leader in crop genetics to bring our technical capabilities to commercialization," said Mike Koziel, chief executive officer for Athenix.
"Working with Monsanto to discover novel genes for controlling insect pests increases options for farmers and allows Athenix to demonstrate the power of its integrated discovery platforms for new biotech traits," said Nick Duck, vice president of research at Athenix.
Athenix will apply its expertise in microbial screening and genomics to facilitate gene discovery intended to help protect crops such as cotton, soybeans and corn against a common class of insects known as Hemipterans. Hemipteran insects include Lygus, a pest of cotton, and stinkbug, a pest of soybean.
"This collaboration will work to offer an essential benefit to our farmer customers by providing insect protection in crops such as corn, cotton and soybeans against the piercing and sucking insects. Insect tolerant crops allow growers to spray less pesticide, making their operations more efficient and at the same time stewarding the environment," said Robert T. Fraley, Ph.D., Monsanto executive vice president and chief technology officer. "We're excited to collaborate with Athenix to help broaden grower's options for insect control."
About Athenix:
Athenix is a leading biotechnology company that develops novel procts and technologies for agricultural and instrial applications, including biofuels and bioconversions. Athenix has established an outstanding intellectual property portfolio and market access ability around enhanced plants, microbes, genes, enzymes, and processes with emphasis on two major markets: 1) novel agricultural traits for growers such as insect resistance, nematode resistance, herbicide tolerance, and their use for the crop proction instry; and 2) the discovery of genes and proteins for use in the sustainable chemical instry with a focus on biofuels like ethanol and other natural procts.
Biological control of locusts
New weapons for old enemies
During the 1988 desert locust plague, swarms crossed the Atlantic from Mauritania to the Caribbean, flying 5 000 kilometres in 10 days.
Scientists were stumped because migrating swarms normally come down to rest every night. But locusts can’t swim, so how could it be?
It turned out that the swarms were coming down at sea – on any ships they could find, but also in the water itself. The first ones in all drowned but their corpses made rafts for the other ones to rest on.
Since the dawn of agriculture more than 10 000 years ago mankind has had to deal with a resourceful and fearless enemy, Schistocerca gregaria, the desert locust. Normally loners, every so often these natives of the deserts from West Africa to India turn into vast, voracious swarms that leave hunger and poverty behind them wherever they go.
Throughout history, farmers and governments have made attempts to repel the bands and swarms of locusts by collecting insects, creating noise, making smoke and burying and burning the insects. But all of this had little effect. With swarms sometimes extending for hundreds of kilometres, and containing billions of indivials, they conquered by sheer force of numbers.
Health concerns
It has long puzzled humans where these animals came from and where they survived. Only in the mid-20th century was it realized that the light brown solitary desert-dwelling insect was the same species as the red and yellow locusts of the plagues. Only when its biology was understood and chemical pesticides and aerial spraying became available a few decades ago, could efforts be made to control the insect. But large-scale pesticide use also raised real concerns for human health and the environment.
On the seventh-floor Emergency Centre for Locust Operations (ECLO) at FAO Headquarters in Rome, Keith Cressman, FAO's locust forecaster, checks current environmental conditions and locust population data from the three computer screens on his desk. The last big locust upsurge ended early in 2005 and the current alert level is green or calm.
The experts at FAO’s ECLO are readying to fight the next round in the age-old battle against locusts – wherever and whenever that may be.
“The next time,” says Cressman, “we’ll fight with new tools”.
New bio-control agents
Recent advances in biological control research, coupled with improved surveillance and intelligence, could make a big difference when the next round in the battle is fought. Such procts could make it possible to sharply rece the amount of chemical pesticides used.
One promising avenue is research currently under way at the International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) in Nairobi. An ICIPE team headed by a Zanzibar-born chemical ecologist, Ahmed Hassanali, has identified and synthesized a specific locust pheromone, or chemical signal, that can be used against young locusts with devastating effect.
Phenylacetonitrile, or PAN for short, normally governs swarming behaviour in alt males who also use it to warn other males to leave them in peace while they mate. But, Hassanali found it has startlingly different results on juvenile wingless locusts, known as hoppers.
Hopper bands
Just as alt locusts form swarms, hoppers will, given the right conditions, stop behaving as indivials and line up in marauding bands up to 5 kilometres wide. They are only slightly less voracious than alts, who eat their own weight of food every day.
In three separate field trials – the most recent in Sudan last year – Hassanali’s team showed that even minute doses of PAN could stop hopper bands dead in their tracks and make them break ranks.
PAN caused the insects to resume solitary behaviour. Confused and disoriented, some lost their appetite altogether, while others turned cannibal and ate one other. Any survivors were easy prey for predators.
What makes PAN particularly attractive is that the dose needed is only a fraction – typically less than 10 millilitres per hectare – of the quantities of chemical or biological pesticides. This translates into substantially lower costs – 50 cents per hectare as opposed to US$12 for chemical pesticides and $15-20 for other bio-control agents.
That is clearly a major consideration in the countries in the front line – many of them among the world’s poorest.
Green Muscle
A different, but also highly effective biological approach is Green Muscle ®, a bio-pesticide developed by the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture’s biological control centre in Cotonou, Benin, and manufactured in South Africa.
Green Muscle ® contains spores of the naturally occurring fungus Metarhizium anisopliae var. acrim, which germinate on the skin of locusts and penetrate through their exoskeletons. The fungus then destroys the locust's tissues from the inside. This is definitely not good news for locusts, but the fungus has no effect on other life forms.
A proct similar to Green Muscle ® is already successfully used in Australia, but the latter's introction in Africa and Asia is being slowed by several factors. These include a need for further large-scale trials, official approval of the proct in several countries, and a relatively short shelf-life in its normal ready-to-spray liquid form. One drawback is that it takes days to kill the locusts. It is also relatively expensive and large-scale proction would need to be organized.
A solution would be to store the proct in powder form and dilute it just before use. Hassanali’s team has also shown that, if used in combination with a small amount of PAN, only a quarter of the normal dose of Green Muscle ® is needed.
Insect Growth Regulators
Also being readied for the modern locust fighter’s armoury is a class of procts known as Insect Growth Regulators, or IGRs, which influence the ability of hoppers to moult and grow properly. They have no direct toxic effects on vertebrates.
IGRs are effective for several weeks after application and can be used in so-called barrier treatments. In this method only narrow swathes of the proct are applied, perpendicular to the direction of the marching hopper bands. Only 10 percent of the amount used in blanket treatment is needed. After marching over one or two barriers the hoppers absorb enough proct to die while moulting.
As with PAN and Green Muscle ®, however, IGRs need to be aimed at locusts at an early stage in their lives, before they take to the air. That, in turn, requires an advanced level of surveillance and intelligence-gathering to make sure that any locust concentrations are nipped in the bud.
eLocust2
Although back at ECLO Keith Cressman has satellites, computers and mathematical models at his disposal, the weak link in the chain has been the time it takes to get good information from the field.
The mobile ground teams whose job it is to keep tabs on locust populations have to work in some of the world’s remotest, hottest and sometimes (for environmental and security reasons) most hostile places. A week or more might go by before a report from, say, the central Sahara, reached Cressman’s desk. By that time the locusts – “They don’t need visas,” he says – would quite likely have moved to another country or continent altogether.
This will soon change however. Field teams are now being issued with special hand-held devices to record vital locust and environmental data and relay them back to their own headquarters and on to Rome in real time.
Developed by the French Space Agency CNES, the eLocust2 device is able to bounce the information off communications satellites and have the data arrive in the National Locust Control Centre in the affected country a few minutes later, from where they are passed on to Cressman for analysis. In case of unusually heavy hopper concentrations, immediate action can be taken to make sure that the locusts never grow old enough to swarm.
Back to the field
Writing in Science magazine, locust expert Martin Enserink gave the following graphic description of a locust population gone out of control:
“On a beautiful November morning (in Morocco) it’s clear, even from afar, that something’s terribly wrong with the trees around this tiny village. They are covered with a pinkish-red gloss, as if their leaves were changing colour...
"As you get closer, the hue becomes a wriggling mass; a giant cap of insects on every tree, devouring the tiny leaves. Get closer still and you’ll hear a soft drizzle: the steady stream of locust droppings falling to the ground.”
Such nightmare visions, and locust plagues with them, may one day be a thing of the past.
求有关昆虫的英文文献
catchinginsects(现在进行时)catchinsects(一般形态)
一篇关于写昆虫的文章350字
英文名:Chinese mantid 属于螳螂目 Mantodea 螳螂科 Mantdae。体长70-100毫米,体大型,全体绿色或褐色。头部三角形,触角短。螳螂目昆虫通称螳螂,大刀螂、拒斧等,是比较古老的昆虫,其形态结构与四千万年前的化石螳螂几乎相似。螳螂常具拟态和保护色,有绿叶状、枯叶状、花状或竹节状等等。螳螂是淅...
有什么生态学方面的名著
《昆虫记》也叫做《昆虫物语》、《昆虫学札记》和《昆虫世界》...基本都是国外的,以下供参考:1. David L. Cox. 1979. Charles Elton and the Emergence of Modern Ecology. Dortoral dissertation, Washington University.埃尔顿(Charles Elton)是动物生态学之父,或者至少之父之一吧。入侵生态学的渊...
有什么生态学方面的名著
《昆虫记》也叫做《昆虫物语》、《昆虫学札记》和《昆虫世界》...基本都是国外的,以下供参考: 1. David L. Cox. 1979. Charles Elton and the Emergence of Modern Ecology. Dortoral dissertation, Washington University. 埃尔顿(Charles Elton)是动物生态学之父,或者至少之父之一吧。入侵生态学...
写论文,求有关昆虫的一些参考文献。。。
昆虫记
这是什么昆虫?说一下英文学名吧!
双翅目 ,食蚜蝇科的一种,英文没有,拉丁文: Diptera(双翅目)syrphidea(食蚜蝇科)
介绍下一斑蝥
【英文名】 MYLABRIS 【别名】花斑蝥、花壳虫 【来源】本品为芫青科昆虫南方大斑蝥Mylabris phalerata Pallas 或黄黑小斑蝥Mylabris cichorii Linnaeus 的干燥体。夏、秋二季捕捉,闷死或烫死,晒干。【制法】生斑蝥:除去杂质。米斑蝥:取净斑蝥与米拌炒,至米呈黄棕色,取出,除去头、翅、足。每...
环境科学文献检索工具EA、PA、CA英文全称及中文名称。
2.PA=Petroleum Abstracts(美石油文摘)PA(Petroleum Abstracts)创刊于1961年,由美国塔尔萨(Tulsa)大学信息服务部编辑出版.该文摘收录了世界上28个语种(包括中文主要石油刊物)的石油专业科技期刊约700种,此外还收录专利和技术报告文献.主要内容涉及地质学,地球化学,地球物理,钻探,钻井,完井与维护,储入工程与...
有哪些昆虫英语
昆虫的英语表达有很多,以下是部分常见昆虫的英文名称:Ant(蚂蚁)Bee(蜜蜂)Butterfly(蝴蝶)Cockroach(蟑螂)Fly(苍蝇)Grasshopper(蚱蜢)Mosquito(蚊子)Wasp(黄蜂)等。以下是关于昆虫英语的一些详细解释:昆虫是一类生物,种类繁多,遍布全球各地。因此,它们的英文名称也相对丰富。许多昆虫的英文...
我家有这样一种虫子 我想知道它的学名 进来看
蚜虫英文名为aphid ,亦作plant louse、greenfly或antcow。体小而软,大小如针头。腹部有管状突起(腹管),吸食植物汁液,为植物的大害虫。不仅阻碍植物生长,形成虫瘿,传布病毒,而且造成花、叶、芽畸形。生活史复杂,无翅的雌虫(干母〔stem mother〕)在夏季营孤雌生殖,卵胎生,产幼蚜。植株上的蚜虫过密时,有的长出...