如何简化 Oracle Linux 上 Oracle Database 的安装
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发布时间：2022-04-07 18:53
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热心网友
时间：2022-04-07 20:23
首先，设置一个yum配置文件，让其指向正确的信息库，然后从该信息库安装oracle-validated RPM，使用yum安装oracle-validated RPM包，主要是为了解决安装该包的依赖关系。为了简化操作，我直接将Oracle Linux系统安装光盘挂载在/mnt目录下，作为信息库，以下是针对Oracle Database安装使用oracle-validated对系统进行预配置的步骤：
1.作为一个授权用户（如 root）检索配置信息库位置的文件：
[root@11gR2 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@11gR2 yum.repos.d]#
2.在该目录下创建一个后缀为.repo任意名文件，其内容如下：
[ol5_u8_base]
name=Jialin.Lee Oracle Linux 5.8
baseurl=file:///mnt/Server/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
3.使用yum install命令安装oracle-validated RPM
注：清单1中的输出显示了安装过程如何检查依赖项然后下载和安装所需软件包
清单1：安装oracle-validated RPM
[root@11gR2 yum.repos.d]# yum install oracle-validated
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with ULN.
ULN support will be disabled.
oel-base | 1.1 kB 00:00
oel-base/primary | 1.4 MB 00:00
oel-base 3298/3298
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package oracle-validated.x86_64 0:1.1.0-15.el5 set to be updated
oel-base/filelists | 3.1 MB 00:00
--> Processing Dependency: sysstat for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/lio.so for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: elfutils-libelf-devel for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: unixODBC-devel for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib64/libodbccr.so for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: gcc-c++ for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: lio-devel for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: gcc for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.1.1/libstdc++.a for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/libodbc.so.1 for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/libc.so for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib64/lio.so for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib64/libc.so for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/libodbccr.so for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: libXp.so.6 for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: libodbc.so.1()(64bit) for package: oracle-validated
--> Running transaction check
---> Package elfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64 0:0.137-3.el5 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: elfutils-libelf-devel-static-x86_64 = 0.137-3.el5 for package: elfutils-libelf-devel
---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.1.2-52.el5 set to be updated
---> Package gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.1.2-52.el5 set to be updated
---> Package glibc-devel.i386 0:2.5-81 set to be updated
---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-81 set to be updated
---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.5-81 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers >= 2.2.1 for package: glibc-headers
--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: glibc-headers
---> Package libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5 set to be updated
---> Package lio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-5 set to be updated
---> Package lio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.106-5 set to be updated
---> Package libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.1.2-52.el5 set to be updated
---> Package sysstat.x86_64 0:7.0.2-11.el5 set to be updated
---> Package unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: unixODBC = 2.2.11-10.el5 for package: unixODBC-devel
---> Package unixODBC-devel.x86_64 0:2.2.11-10.el5 set to be updated
---> Package unixODBC-libs.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5 set to be updated
---> Package unixODBC-libs.x86_64 0:2.2.11-10.el5 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
---> Package elfutils-libelf-devel-static.x86_64 0:0.137-3.el5 set to be updated
---> Package kernel-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.18-308.el5 set to be updated
---> Package unixODBC.x86_64 0:2.2.11-10.el5 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===========================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===========================================================================================
Installing:
oracle-validated x86_64 1.1.0-15.el5 oel-base 24 k
Installing for dependencies:
elfutils-libelf-devel x86_64 0.137-3.el5 oel-base 24 k
elfutils-libelf-devel-static x86_64 0.137-3.el5 oel-base 64 k
gcc x86_64 4.1.2-52.el5 oel-base 5.3 M
gcc-c++ x86_64 4.1.2-52.el5 oel-base 3.8 M
glibc-devel i386 2.5-81 oel-base 2.0 M
glibc-devel x86_64 2.5-81 oel-base 2.4 M
glibc-headers x86_64 2.5-81 oel-base 596 k
kernel-headers x86_64 2.6.18-308.el5 oel-base 1.4 M
libXp i386 1.0.0-8.1.el5 oel-base 22 k
lio-devel i386 0.3.106-5 oel-base 12 k
lio-devel x86_64 0.3.106-5 oel-base 11 k
libstdc++-devel x86_64 4.1.2-52.el5 oel-base 2.8 M
sysstat x86_64 7.0.2-11.el5 oel-base 187 k
unixODBC x86_64 2.2.11-10.el5 oel-base 291 k
unixODBC-devel i386 2.2.11-10.el5 oel-base 738 k
unixODBC-devel x86_64 2.2.11-10.el5 oel-base 793 k
unixODBC-libs i386 2.2.11-10.el5 oel-base 551 k
unixODBC-libs x86_64 2.2.11-10.el5 oel-base 554 k
Transaction Summary
===========================================================================================
Install 19 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 21 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1.5 GB/s | 21 MB 00:00
Running RPM_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : unixODBC-libs 1/19
Installing : unixODBC 2/19
Installing : libstdc++-devel 3/19
Installing : sysstat 4/19
Installing : unixODBC-devel 5/19
Installing : kernel-headers 6/19
Installing : glibc-headers 7/19
Installing : glibc-devel 8/19
Installing : glibc-devel 9/19
Installing : lio-devel 10/19
Installing : lio-devel 11/19
Installing : unixODBC-libs 12/19
Installing : libXp 13/19
Installing : gcc 14/19
Installing : gcc-c++ 15/19
Installing : unixODBC-devel 16/19
Installing : elfutils-libelf-devel 17/19
Installing : oracle-validated 18/19
Installing : elfutils-libelf-devel-static 19/19
Installed:
oracle-validated.x86_64 0:1.1.0-15.el5
Dependency Installed:
elfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64 0:0.137-3.el5
elfutils-libelf-devel-static.x86_64 0:0.137-3.el5
gcc.x86_64 0:4.1.2-52.el5
gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.1.2-52.el5
glibc-devel.i386 0:2.5-81
glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-81
glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.5-81
kernel-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.18-308.el5
libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5
lio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-5
lio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.106-5
libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.1.2-52.el5
sysstat.x86_64 0:7.0.2-11.el5
unixODBC.x86_64 0:2.2.11-10.el5
unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5
unixODBC-devel.x86_64 0:2.2.11-10.el5
unixODBC-libs.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5
unixODBC-libs.x86_64 0:2.2.11-10.el5
Complete!
注：yum安装过程在/var/log/oracle-validated/results/orakernel.log文件中记录有关内核更改的消息，并在 /var/log/oracle-validated/backup目录中备份当前系统设置。
至此系统已准备好，可以安装Oracle Database了，举例来说，若要安装Oracle Database 11g第2版，请按照“适用于Linux的数据库安装指南”的第4章“安装 Oracle Database”中的说明进行操作。在运行./runInstaller起图形界面安装Oracle数据软件时会执行一些检查，验证是否已经安装必要的操作系统软件包和版本，此外还检查通过oracle-validated安装设置的内核参数。在内核设置检查期间，安装程序可能将一些设置标志为“failed”，您应对这些失败进行分析，在有些情况下，您仍可以继续数据库安装。如果您检查/etc/sysctl.conf中的内核设置，将发现oracle-validated为Oracle Database 10g推荐的设置不同于Oracle Database 11g，如果需要，您可以（以root身份）编辑/etc/sysctl.conf文件来手动指定设置。Oracle Universal Installer还会执行其他检查，如验证glibc版本、磁盘空间是否足够、环境变量和路径设置，以及物理内存和交换空间是否足够，一般来说，安装oracle-validated可解决先决条件，因此您可以直接继续安装数据库。
安装oracle-validated RPM可以节省在Oracle Linux上安装Oracle Database 10g或11g的时间，RPM 能让系统满足Oracle Database安装的大多数先决条件，从而极大地简化了安装过程。
热心网友
时间：2022-04-07 21:41
静默安装数据库，提前写好安装数据库的响应文件，执行文件即可自动安装数据库，不用启用图像界面。
热心网友
时间：2022-04-07 23:15
Oraclecle数据库一定要按照Oracle官方安装文档进行安装, 没有捷径.
